evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize

d.)are at increased risk for antisocial behavior. )more; more c.)Employed men spend about an hour and a half more per day working than do employed women. a.)individualism. Memory can be defined as the internal storage or faculty that stores the information and facilitates in retrieval whenever required. )25 home environment and school environment. b. Although Wendy is genetically male, she dresses in women's clothes in order to express her strong sense of identity as a female. b. a. )cognitive therapy. Since the beginnings of philosophical thought, the question of the nature and origin of pain has developed. \end{array} Question 3. d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. )cultural practices. d.)posttraumatic stress disorder, In one study (Seal et al., 2007) of 103,788 veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, _____ percent were diagnosed with a psychological disorder, in which the most frequent diagnosis was posttraumatic stress disorder. )oral neurogenesis. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious: With 1,014 Chinese singles, we found that singles preferred their ideal partner to share similarities in the HEXACO traits . )have hindered human reproduction. c.)behavioral consistency. Letting another person know that we sense and understand the feelings he or she is expressing to us best demonstrates: c.)mild depression. )patient's unconscious attempts to block the process of revealing repressed memories and conflicts. The tendency to exaggerate the impact of child-raising practices on children's personalities has been most characteristic of: b.)glutamate. b. Cultural Consideration e. d.)Beck's cognitive therapy. Marilyn thinks a strict class-attendance policy is an indication of her professor's overly controlling personality rather than a necessity dictated by the limited number of class sessions (the course meets only once a week). )People in the psychotherapy group actually improve at a slower rate than the people in the untreated group. c.)She can make sure the participants know that she has a Ph.D. from a prestigious university. frontal lobes The shared human genetic profile is called the: d. heritability. a. chromosomes. For the past three months Nathanial, a heavy smoker, has been severely depressed. )long-term potentiation. )there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. d.)Thomas, who has the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. e. b. c.)temperament. active or inactive. But most days, he sits in a chair with no expression on his face. The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . Reinforcements, like praise from caregivers, are the most powerful motivator for most children. a. a. c.)psychoanalysis c.)depression. C) b. norms. b. )pictures of "crazy" people. d.)client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better. b. b.)self-actualization. )None of these would be an explanation for why your friend yelled at you. A basic element of all effective psychotherapies is the: plasticity. Extremely stressful experiences can change overall optimistic explanatory styles into more pessimistic styles. d.)posttraumatic stress disorder. a. a. c.)panic disorder. c. d) behavior geneticist. b. Oct. 2. )increasing the way that genes solely create our personalities. )persistent depressive disorder. d.)Italy, Which of the following is the lowest reported psychological disorder in the United States in 2008? d.)interpersonal psychotherapy. a. The principles of evolutionary psychology would suggest that parents experience the strongest grief over the deaths of their: Compared with men, women are ________ likely to read pornographic material and ________ likely to refuse direct requests for casual sex. )persistent depressive disorder. political ideas. Dr. d.)fundamental attribution error. c.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. )Darlene effectively cope with posttraumatic stress disorder. Stephen Jay Gould (/ u l d /; September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.He was one of the most influential and widely read authors of popular science of his generation. This best illustrates the dangers of: A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A. skin color. a. b. b. b. Acquired 8% Distribution Transformers Corporation bonds costing $400,000 at face value. b. )molecular genetics As Daniel de Vis, a writer for The Hill, recently noted, more than 60 percent of the country's young men are single, "nearly twice . a. d.)clients never speak kindly about their therapists. Material from the introduction and chapters 1, 4, and 5 has been taken from the following essays by Marcus Nordlund: "Theorising Early Modern Jealousy: A Biocultural Perspective on Shake-speare's Othello," Studia Neophilologica 74, no. )antisocial personality disorder. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated. Pages 58 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. The remarkable academic and vocational successes of children of the refugee Asian boat people best illustrate the importance of: People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by: The ideas and traditions of a culture are typically perpetuated by means of: The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of: Even though there are many unoccupied chairs in the library study area, Wang chooses to sit in a chair right next to Annest. Epigenetics refers to the 1. Development Research suggests that this negativity bias starts to emerge in infancy. c.)schizophrenia patients suffer from a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Question 2. c.)a smaller cerebral cortex. D. gender typing. d.)empathy. )major depressive disorder. Using the principles of natural selection, _________________ studies how behavior and the mind have evolved. AACB10.090.03B20.220.10B30.150.09B40.200.12. a. )there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. d.)mania. a greater proportion of women than men are left-handed. Racial differences in a highly heritable trait are not necessarily caused by: Our selective exposure to those life experiences that are best suited to our unique temperaments best illustrates the interaction of, Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. b. b. She nearly killed herself by slitting her wrists. )generalized anxiety disorder. )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). )the id Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are: c.)We can never say what percentage of an individual's personality or intelligence is inherited. food preferences. b. d.)ADHD, b. )underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. Children's English accents are more likely to be influenced by their ________ than by their ________. b. b. c.)Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Your friend yells at you for being five minutes late for lunch. a.)rumination. However, it generally may take up to ________ for this type of antidepressant to reach full effect. )behavior geneticist. )The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) a.)hallucinations. )automatic mimicry. b. d.)empathy. Evolutionary psychologists presume all human behaviours reflect the influence of physical and psychological predispositions that helped human ancestors survive and reproduce. a. c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. c.)interpersonal psychotherapy. b. While Thomas disagrees with his boss, he laughs at the joke anyway to gain her approval. An organism's complete set of genetic instructions is called a: The thread-like structures that contain genes are called: ______________ develop from a single fertilized egg, whereas ______________ develop from separate fertilized eggs. )maladaptive a. d.)nicotine can temporarily decrease norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. )posttraumatic growth. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). b.)schizophrenia. )active listening. f. Given that AAA has occurred, what is the probability that B4B_4B4 occurs? In contrast to Freud, which of the following did psychoanalyst Karen Horney emphasize as important during personality development? b. our awareness of ourselves and our environment. d.)1 week, A patient recently admitted to the hospital is complaining of auditory hallucinations. Which theory best explains why Abe adopted this new attitude? d.)your personality traits. )biological psychologist. effortless encoding of incidental information into memory. The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. )have normal frontal lobe cognitive functions. c.)1 in 10 This is most likely due to: The threadlike structures that contain genes are called. a. ____ 53. d.)ECT. )have hindered human reproduction. b. parietal lobes a. a.)phobia. d.)major depression. Which of the following pairings can be most easily explained by evolutionary psychology? a. d.)the placebo effect. d.)evolution. a. The early school of psychology known as functionalism was developed by: William James Which psychologist was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology after Harvard University declined to give Mary Calkins the Ph.D.? Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical perspective that can explain why humans think in the ways we do, how we respond, and how we change and develop. In this paper, we analyze the findings of biology and evolutionary medicine to better understand the phenomenon of pain . d. b.)psychoanalysis. According to evolutionary psychology all humans share a universal _____ that has survived from a distant past in which we lived in small groups and punished those who directly harmed others. )panic attacks. Research on left-handedness suggests that c. cultural diversity. d.)stress inoculation training. d.)linkage analysis. b. identical or fraternal. )83 Since the time of Darwin, there have been many other scientists who have. d.)She can make the participants think she is unsure of her role as an authority figure. Updated January 19, 2023 by BetterHelp Editorial Team. b. b. d.)learned helplessness. A sense of being separated from one's own body and watching oneself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of: a.)obsessions. The political opinions of adopted children are closer to those of their adopted parents than those of their biological parents. The personal strength that enables people to cope with stress and recover from adversity is called: This best illustrates natural selection. However, she does want to gain insight into the roots of her difficulties. d.)I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. c. )9 in 10 It has been suggested that men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because they are naturally attracted to female features associated with youthful fertility. )the pleasure principle; the reality principle b. According to a recent survey of 1,200 people, 61%61 \%61% feel that the president is doing an acceptable job. b.)genome. Discuss. b. )posttraumatic stress disorder c.)schizophrenia. nature and nurture. )the bystander effect. a. 1 in combination with 2 directs our attention as researchers not to parts of the brain but to the programs run by the brain. DNA; genes b. b. Language abilities are often used as examples of domain-specific mecha-nisms. Cognition involves processes related to thinking, attention, memory, perception, problem-solving, knowing etc. Gina's chronic case of "the blues" is characteristic of the psychological disorder called: )more people are biologically predisposed to fear guns than to fear snakes. 120 seconds. In terms of Freud's theory of personality, Mary's memories are stored at the _____ level of awareness. b. C) underestimating gender differences in mate selection. A baby girl receives a(n) ________ chromosome from her ________. c.)social phobia Self-actualization is the ultimate psychological need. overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. Prepare the appropriate journal entry for each transaction or event during 2021, as well as any adjusting entries necessary at year end. d. What is the probability that AAA or B3B_3B3 occurs? )people are the most romantically attracted to those who are the most genetically dissimilar to themselves. )Marshall, who has chronic schizophrenia This suggestion best illustrates, Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when compared to women, men are ________ concerned with maintaining a youthful appearance and ________ concerned with achieving social power, Jack aspires to become a corporate executive because he wants to earn a huge salary. d. reproductive success. Concepts of masculinity and femininity that influence our comprehension of the world are called gender: Copyright Cengage Learning. a. c.)the foot-in-the-door phenomenon However, monogamous relationships can also be explained using an evolutionary perspective. )aversive conditioning. Babies are born with personalities that are relatively stable throughout their lives. )including some conditions that are too "normal" to be considered disorders, such as extreme sadness related to bereavement. The brains of people who suffer from depression tend to have low levels of: D) genome research. Immediately you yell out "Crazy driver!" )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events. a.)self-concept. Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). c) memes. b. c.)obsessive compulsive disorder. a. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods: a. )sexual dysfunctions. Alex's behavior suggests that he is in the _____ stage of psychosexual development. c.)increase; do not increase d.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. )we have overestimated the impact of personal dispositions on behavior. )patient unconsciously responding to the therapist as though the therapist were a significant person in the patient's life. Incorrect. A large-scale World Health Organization (2004) studybased on 90-minute interviews of 60,463 peopleestimated the number of prior-year mental disorders in 20 countries. c.)the fundamental attribution error. b. a. )the bystander effect. PET scan. d.)autism, b. Billy has an identical twin who was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. c. c.)are genetically predisposed. b. c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life a. b. d.)45. )systematic desensitization Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted: a. reproductive success The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits which have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of: b. natural selection )DSM-5 diagnosis. Evolutionary psychologists attribute the human tendency to fear snakes and heights to: a) gender schemas. It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because: a. )motivated forgetting phenomenon. d) genetic predispositions. b. Mar. In which of the following countries do people generally prefer to maintain the largest personal space? The psycho dynamic approach got it's start from the work of Sigmund Freud. )the bystander effect. George's experience is most directly explained by: By insisting that humans are "nothing but" products of nature and nurture, we run the greatest risk of undermining: Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. a. c.)is analogous to Freud's concept of the preconscious. d.)moral principle; pleasure principle, Alex is an 8-year-old who plays almost exclusively with the other boys at his grade school. b.)deindividuation. forties. )Prozac c.)pleasure principle; moral principle )Freud's psychoanalysis. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. )illustrate neural plasticity. )fundamental attribution error. behavior and mental processes. Nov. 1. b. B) describe how experimental hypotheses were derived from basic psychological principles. c.)cooperation and social success at school. Although her work performance is adequate, Gina almost always feels slightly down and sad. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute gender differences and attitudes towards sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women. d.)social facilitation. Which country had the lowest rate of diagnosed psychological disorders? c.)physical exercise. b. d.)very rough guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders. twenties. )developmental psychology He also wants a new cap, shirt, and sweater to match his father's. factors that trigger us to behave aggressively towards others. b. This best illustrates: teens. D) overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. )bipolar disorder. c.)epigenetic molecule. b. O. d. None of the above are correct to the nearest cent. a.)serotonin. The company buys debt securities, intending to profit from short-term differences in price and maintaining them in an active trading portfolio. b. b.)altruism. influences that affect our mating decisions. )Thorazine )cognitive dissonance theory. chromosomes or genomes. Cross-cultural research on human development indicates that: b. developmental processes are highly similar among individuals raised in different cultures. Amanda blames herself for her recent job loss. c. behavior correlations. A reduced level of synchronized neural activity in the frontal lobes has been associated with symptoms of: a. c.)psychoanalysis. D-cycloserine helps relieve the symptoms of: c.)children are more likely to be safely cared for by biological fathers than by their stepfathers. B) epigenetics. a. Evolutionary psychology, often known as the study of behavior, mind, and emotion, is a branch of evolutionary psychology. Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection. )a dissociation. b. a. )foot-in-the-door phenomenon. )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. c.)clients have no need to believe or promote that the therapy was effective. b. b. a. a. c. b. a. Contemporary psychology is best defined as the scientific study of. d.)traits. b.)1:1. c.)inappropriate emotions. Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior andthe mind using principles of humanistic psychology. One strategy to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy is to compare people who enter psychotherapy with a matched control group of people who do not receive psychotherapy. School Miramar High School; Course Title AP PSYCH 21073500; Type. c.)meta-analysis. They have found that people worldwide spend an average of four hours a day on enhancing their beauty. c. )bipolar disorder. MRI. )more; less Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. a. )love their own children. )sex hormones. )observational learning. )unconscious fear. Define the random variables XXX and PP^{\prime}P in words. Under hypnosis, they typically expressed a second personality when prompted to do so by the examining psychiatrist. c.)the need to belong. b.)paraphilic. Dr. Donelian wants to reduce his students' perception that psychological experiments merely document the obvious. a. B1B2B3B4A0.090.220.150.20AC0.030.100.090.12\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} d.)"According to a National Research Council report, the popularity of this test says it is. )double helix. Amazingly, he did not seem worried beforehand, and he showed no signs of autonomic nervous system arousal. Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar: We are likely to ________ the personality similarities among children in the same family and we are likely to ________ the personality similarities between parents and their children, At the age of 3 months, Kevin is removed from the home of his abusive biological parents and placed with adoptive parents who provide a happy, stable environment. )dysfunctional disorder d.)automatically taking our usual exit off the highway because we are so preoccupied by our thoughts that we forget about our plans to go to a different destination. )63 c.)"It works better on females than on males." C) develop their own theories. The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n) c.)chameleon effect. d.)vary widely across cultures. This is the view of psychology and human behavior that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, different life experiences when young and old and relationships to explain the way . )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations. The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops: b. a. d.)a larger number of synapses. )stimulus generalization. a. It is very likely that Odessa is suffering from: You agree. a. )systematic desensitization. thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. a. )other's pursuit of their self-interest can harm our well-being. B) children are more likely to be valued by their biological fathers than by theirstepfathers. The child's chances ________ if the adopted parents have schizophrenia. Received semiannual interest payment on the Distribution Transformers bonds. )learned helplessness. )do not increase; increase )generalized anxiety disorder. At her health club, Bonnie pedals an exercise bike much faster when other patrons are using nearby equipment. b. c.)in reaction to abnormalities in brain chemistry. )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. e. Modern evolutionary psychologists propose that many motives have evolutionary underpinnings Homeostasis and Drive Theory Homeostasis- a state of internal physiological equilibrium that the body strives to maintain Requires a sensory mechanism for detecting changes in internal environment, a response . The evolutionary perspective suggests that this tendency to dwell on the negative more than the positive is simply one way the brain tries to keep us safe. The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. c.)A young man marries a fertile woman who has two children by a previous partner. Instead of going to work with a frown on your face, you will force yourself to smile when you walk in. c. c.)seek healthy-looking mates. a. )illustrate neural plasticity. This best illustrates racial differences in, The heritability of intelligence refers to. brain waves that indicate we are not reacting to a stimulus. What is the probability that B2B_2B2 occurs? overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. c.)normative social influence. This school of thought emphasize that evolution has influenced humans to provide a mating advantage through processes of natural and sexual selection. b. c.)moral instinct B. evolutionary psychology.