Face-negotiation theory ultimately concerned with three different types of face: self-face (concern for our face), other-face (concern for another persons face), and mutual-face (concern for both interactants and the relationship).39 As you can see from Ting-Toomeys last assumption in her theory above, individuals who are competent in facework can recognize when facework is necessary and then handle those situations appropriately, effectively, and adaptively. Dress, manner-isms, relationships, meeting setting and hierarchy all contrib-ute to the way a message may be delivered and interpreted. Short-term oriented cultures, on the other hand, tend to focus on both the past and the present. However, income is just one indicatory of power distance within a culture. The United States is number one on individualism, according to Hofstedes data.27 Americans are considered individualistic. Additionally, there is a strong emphasis on saving face, which we will discuss more in the next section, fulfilling ones obligations today, and enjoying ones leisure time. In public, women who need directions or have other questions are expected to ask policemen or other women; approaching men is seen as flirtation. Join me in the webinar on Tuesday, 7 March and let's discuss how you can ensure not to fall into the trap of those myths! Let's chat! I didn't tell many people about me looking for a job abroad, so for some it was somewhat surprising. Poland is definitely a culture of a higher context than UK. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization. 6.3: Cultural Characteristics and Communication Although English is the language of business, it is best to have all contracts and documents translated into Polish. Collectivistic cultures tend to think about actions that might affect the entire group rather than specific members of the group. Countries that fall into this categorization are Japan, China, France, Spain, Brazil, and more. Being on time is important. Currently, Polish art is enjoyed and recognized worldwide. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. and more. Communicators in high-context cultures pay attention to more than the words spoken - they also pay attention to interpersonal relationships, nonverbal expressions, physical settings, and social settings. Pomeranian Voivodeship - a voivodeship located in the northern part of Poland. India, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, low-context approach in business might create additional misunderstandings. The society in Poland exhibited a high degree of stratification before 1939. Translation Issues Associated With High-context and Low-context Women tend to stand and walk very close, and often hold hands when walking. His book Beyond Culture is still considered one of the most influential books for the field of intercultural communication.17,18 According to Hall, all cultures incorporate both verbal and nonverbal elements into communication. Lets briefly look at each of these. Bg si rodzi, Bogurodzica are some of the oldest musical compositions originating in Poland. A high-context culture is one in which contextual cues are the primary and dominating method of transmitting communication rules. Fluid Time The earliest literature produced in the country was in Latin. But they pay attention to the volume of their voices and tend to speak quietly in business and in public. Is it tiring? A number of poets and authors produced works that focussed on patriotism and the revival of the country. For example, in a high-context culture, you may rely more on subtlety, but it's incumbent upon you to be direct in a low-context culture. Doesnt she trust us?. The Polish culture has greatly evolved over the years having been influenced by the geographic location of the country at the confluence of European regions with their distinct cultures. Thisstatement needs to be followed by creating a set of team rules which lean towards the low-context ways of communication as well as agreed upon by all members. PDF Understanding the Merits and Demerits of High and Low Context - CORE In such a culture, conformism, the. There is a great blog of an American living in Poland that I would like to recommend to you as its a very interesting perspective to learn about. Dismissal is governed by the laws of the EU. They come from people caring for us and the relationships we have together. High-context cultures typically lack explicitly stated or written regulations. The dances evolved from a peasants style of dancing to ballroom style dancing by the addition of ballet flavors following the annexation of Eastern Europe by Napoleon. "In high-context culture, people tend to personalize their disagreement with others. People in cultures with high uncertainty avoidance can view this ambiguity and lack of knowledge as threatening, which is one reason why people in these cultures tend to have higher levels of anxiety and neuroticism as a whole. Compare and contrast two countries and their levels of context. Management in high-and low-context cultures - Poland and Korea in the light of empirical research. The province also promotes the offer of "healthy" tourism. But the Brazilian culture presents some particularities that McDonald's marketing team seem very aware of. High Context Culture: What Does It Mean and How to Adapt President Nixon did the same thing existing an airplane in Brazil flashing his famous OK sign with his thumb and forefinger forming a circle, but this is the middle finger in that culture. We want to conserve our resources and underspend to build that financial cushion for the future. During the middle of the conversation, you have a feeling that your interactional partner is losing face. Hofstede also refers to these tendencies as being more assertive. In the past, men and women who crossed their marriageable age (twenty for women and late 20s for men) were subjected to mockery. During communist rule, educational and economic advancement of the Polish worker and peasants were fostered. 29. Meyer in her book mentions that there are a couple of factors influencing countries position on that scale. In terms of two interacting parties, face is the reciprocated compliance, respect, and/or deference that each party expects from, and extends to, the other party.48. In essence, in LCC, meaning is expressed through explicit verbal messages, both written and oral. Decisions come from the top, but only after managers can demonstrate consensus has been reached by their teams. When it came to trait affection received, all four groups differed from one another. Its opposite pole, restraint, reflects a conviction that such gratification needs to be curbed and regulated by strict social norms. 34 The top five on the Indulgence end are Venezuela, Mexico, Puerto Rico, El Salvador, and Nigeria, whereas those on the restraint end are Pakistan, Egypt, Latvia, Ukraine, and Albania. Does it mean that I sometimes go there and back for just the weekend? Want to get support in developing these skills and make your intercultural working more of a breeze? Can be very slow. Poland has a lively music scene with the roots of the countrys music being traced as far back as the 13th century. Finally, the researchers examined affection given and received with regards to Hofstedes work. A society is called feminine when emotional gender roles overlap: both men and women are supposed to be modest, tender, and concerned with quality of life [emphasis in original]. What is important to remember when analysing these graphs is that we cant definitely say whether a culture IS a low or high context. Asian, African, Arab, central European and Latin American cultures are generally considered to be high-context cultures. I really like how loud you play your music. or Aah, sorry, I cant be friends with someone who doesnt drink tea) know that, been (or still am?) DM me the word 'CULTURE' and I'll come back with the details of how to get started. . Trait affection given and received: A test of Hofstedes theoretical framework. Jozef Chemoski was a famous Polish painter belonging to the realist school. In my opinion Polish sarcasm is however very often related to some linguistic games or is bound to historic events or leaders. Messages are communicated in many ways. However, it is sometimes challenging for outsiders to understand the real message in the communication because people may talk around the main issue and expect the real meaning will be understood. Yes. When it came to trait affection given, the United States participants reported giving more affection than any of the three other countries. People generally remove their shoes when entering someones home. Others are who gets educated and what type of education they receive, who gets health care and what type, and what types of occupations do those with power have versus those who do not have power. (such as the United States, Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Finland, Denmark the UK, or Poland) and need to communicate with people from a high-context culture (like Japan, Indonesia, Iran, China, Kenya, . Affectionate communication is conceptualized as a persons use of intentional and overt communicative behaviors to convey feelings of closeness, care, and fondness in the form of verbal statements, nonverbal behaviors, and social support.35. High-Context Cultures. Striving for everyone to have equal rights is an important theme. In any major area of academic study, there are luminaries that one should understand. In general, for me as a Polish person UK approach doesnt seem extremely far away from what Im used to. The elements of culture, and the high and low context cultures in Hofstede's dimensions of culture will affect customer services offered and customer buying behavior. Top 10 Alcohol Consuming Countries In The World, The Biggest Heists and Bank Robberies in American History. They may have the respect of their subordinates who complete tasks for them, but younger employees may not trust them to respond to the demands of modern business. A high-context culture has the opposite communication style to a low-context culture. Men also dress well and adorn a heavily embroidered waistcoat, striped trousers, and an ornamented krakuska cap. I would like to close this article with a recommendation as I feel like it can really be an interesting read for you. In 2017, Daniel H. Mansson and Alds G. Sigurardttir set out to examine the concept of trait affection in relation to Hofstedes theoretical framework. #expatcoaching #expatlife #livingabroad #expatcoach #workingabroad #lifeabroad #workabroad #careerabroad #internationallife #internationalcareer #globalcareer #globallife #globalleaders #culturalawareness #selfawareness #selfgrowth #personalgrowth #personaldevelopment #culturalcompetence #movingabroad #zyciezagranica #zycienaemigracji #pracazagranica #rozwojosobisty #polacyzagranica, There are a few more myths that I see again and again, and I'd like to dispel them once and for all! At the long-term end of the spectrum are countries like China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Japan; whereas, countries like Pakistan, Czech Republic, Nigeria, Spain, and the Philippines are examples of short-term. Outstanding Polish literature was produced in the 20th century and the Avant-Garde experimentation played an important role during this time. In the modern times, the folk dances are usually performed by dance companies on special occasions like cultural and religious festivals or four tourism purposes. This is most common for women, but some men also embrace and kiss. Polish art has been a blend of European trends with indigenous influence. Countries that fall into this categorization are Japan, China, France, Spain, Brazil, and more.