It's like, this is not right. We love to hear from our listeners! As you read, keep in mind that LGBTQ+ is a relatively new term and, while queer people have always existed, the terminology has changed frequently over the years. The events that took place in June 1969 have been described as the birth of the gay-rights movement, but that's only partially true. Ellinor Mitchell Martin Boyce:Mind you socks didn't count, so it was underwear, and undershirt, now the next thing was going to ruin the outfit. It's very American to say, "You promised equality, you promised freedom." We didn't want to come on, you know, wearing fuzzy sweaters and lipstick, you know, and being freaks. Prisoner (Archival):I realize that, but the thing is that for life I'll be wrecked by this record, see? Martha Shelley:We participated in demonstrations in Philadelphia at Independence Hall. Jerry Hoose:Who was gonna complain about a crackdown against gay people? Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:And I keep listening and listening and listening, hoping I'm gonna hear sirens any minute and I was very freaked. Martin Boyce:All of a sudden, Miss New Orleans and all people around us started marching step by step and the police started moving back. For the first time, we weren't letting ourselves be carted off to jails, gay people were actually fighting back just the way people in the peace movement fought back. Eric Marcus, Recreation Still Photography Lester Senior Housing Community, Jewish Community Housing Corporation Danny Garvin:We had thought of women's rights, we had thought of black rights, all kinds of human rights, but we never thought of gay rights, and whenever we got kicked out of a bar before, we never came together. Doric Wilson:And we were about 100, 120 people and there were people lining the sidewalks ahead of us to watch us go by, gay people, mainly. That's it. Ellen Goosenberg Because that's what they were looking for, any excuse to try to bust the place. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:Saturday night there it was. So if any one of you, have let yourself become involved with an adult homosexual, or with another boy, and you're doing this on a regular basis, you better stop quick. Barak Goodman If you came to a place like New York, you at least had the opportunity of connecting with people, and finding people who didn't care that you were gay. And I think it's both the alienation, also the oppression that people suffered. Cop (Archival):Anyone can walk into that men's room, any child can walk in there, and see what you guys were doing. A New York Police officer grabs a man by the hair as another officer clubs a man during a confrontation in Greenwich Village after a Gay Power march in New York. John O'Brien:In the Civil Rights Movement, we ran from the police, in the peace movement, we ran from the police. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:This was the Rosa Parks moment, the time that gay people stood up and said no. We had no speakers planned for the rally in Central Park, where we had hoped to get to. Before Stonewall 1984 Unrated 1 h 27 m IMDb RATING 7.5 /10 1.1K YOUR RATING Rate Play trailer 2:21 1 Video 7 Photos Documentary History The history of the Gay and Lesbian community before the Stonewall riots began the major gay rights movement. Chris Mara That's what gave oxygen to the fire. [00:00:55] Oh, my God. So you couldn't have a license to practice law, you couldn't be a licensed doctor. The music was great, cafes were good, you know, the coffee houses were good. And the Village has a lot of people with children and they were offended. I was a man. Barbara Gittings and Kay Tobin Lahusen Gay History Papers and Photographs, Manuscripts and Archives Division, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations John Scagliotti Queer was very big. I wanted to kill those cops for the anger I had in me. At least if you had press, maybe your head wouldn't get busted. Doric Wilson:In those days, the idea of walking in daylight, with a sign saying, "I'm a faggot," was horren--, nobody, nobody was ready to do that. And the people coming out weren't going along with it so easily. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:At a certain point, it felt pretty dangerous to me but I noticed that the cop that seemed in charge, he said you know what, we have to go inside for safety. Daily News On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. You were alone. The cops would hide behind the walls of the urinals. They were getting more ferocious. The shop had been threatened, we would get hang-up calls, calls where people would curse at us on the phone, we'd had vandalism, windows broken, streams of profanity. I entered the convent at 26, to pursue that question and I was convinced that I would either stay until I got an answer, or if I didn't get an answer just stay. I made friends that first day. Judith Kuchar Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:We didn't have the manpower, and the manpower for the other side was coming like it was a real war. Dick Leitsch:So it was mostly goofing really, basically goofing on them. They would not always just arrest, they would many times use clubs and beat. Naturally, you get careless, you fall for it, and the next thing you know, you have silver bracelets on both arms. The mirrors, all the bottles of liquor, the jukebox, the cigarette machines. Martin Boyce:I had cousins, ten years older than me, and they had a car sometimes. Jerry Hoose:And I got to the corner of Sixth Avenue and Eighth Street, crossed the street and there I had found Nirvana. Virginia Apuzzo:It was free but not quite free enough for us. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:They started busting cans of tear gas. Meanwhile, there was crowds forming outside the Stonewall, wanting to know what was going on. John O'Brien Noah Goldman Martha Shelley:The riot could have been buried, it could have been a few days in the local newspaper and that was that. Slate:The Homosexual(1967), CBS Reports. You see, Ralph was a homosexual. Stonewall Tscript | PDF | Homosexuality | Lgbt We didn't expect we'd ever get to Central Park. And as I'm looking around to see what's going on, police cars, different things happening, it's getting bigger by the minute. All rights reserved. Danny Garvin:Bam, bam and bash and then an opening and then whoa. I famously used the word "fag" in the lead sentence I said "the forces of faggotry." LGBTQ+ History Before Stonewall | Stacker Not able to do anything. You gotta remember, the Stonewall bar was just down the street from there. Gay people were told we didn't have any of that. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:What was so good about the Stonewall was that you could dance slow there. Mary Queen of the Scotch, Congo Woman, Captain Faggot, Miss Twiggy. If that didn't work, they would do things like aversive conditioning, you know, show you pornography and then give you an electric shock. Danny Garvin Audience Member (Archival):I was wondering if you think that there are any quote "happy homosexuals" for whom homosexuality would be, in a way, their best adjustment in life? We didn't necessarily know where we were going yet, you know, what organizations we were going to be or how things would go, but we became something I, as a person, could all of a sudden grab onto, that I couldn't grab onto when I'd go to a subway T-room as a kid, or a 42nd street movie theater, you know, or being picked up by some dirty old man. The severity of the punishment varies from state to state. Few photographs of the raid and the riots that followed exist. And she was quite crazy. We'll put new liquor in there, we'll put a new mirror up, we'll get a new jukebox." The most infamous of those institutions was Atascadero, in California. Dick Leitsch:You read about Truman Capote and Tennessee Williams and Gore Vidal and all these actors and stuff, Liberace and all these people running around doing all these things and then you came to New York and you found out, well maybe they're doing them but, you know, us middle-class homosexuals, we're getting busted all the time, every time we have a place to go, it gets raided. It was fun to see fags. That was our world, that block. Franco Sacchi, Additional Animation and Effects There were gay bars in Midtown, there were gay bars uptown, there were certain kinds of gay bars on the Upper East Side, you know really, really, really buttoned-up straight gay bars. As president of the Mattachine Society in New York, I tried to negotiate with the police and the mayor. Getting then in the car, rocking them back and forth. I guess they're deviates. Doric Wilson:Somebody that I knew that was older than me, his family had him sent off where they go up and damage the frontal part of the brain. But we couldn't hold out very long. Just let's see if they can. Even non-gay people. Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:Our radio was cut off every time we got on the police radio. Martin Boyce:I wasn't labeled gay, just "different." Almost anything you could name. I say, I cannot tell this without tearing up. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:What they did in the Stonewall that night. Howard Smith, Reporter,The Village Voice:I had a column inThe Village Voicethat ran from '66 all the way through '84. "Don't fire. Over a short period of time, he will be unable to get sexually aroused to the pictures, and hopefully, he will be unable to get sexually aroused inside, in other settings as well. And we had no right to such. But it's serious, don't kid yourselves about it. More than a half-century after its release, " The Queen " serves as a powerful time capsule of queer life as it existed before the 1969 Stonewall uprising. Never, never, never. This was a highly unusual raid, going in there in the middle of the night with a full crowd, the Mafia hasn't been alerted, the Sixth Precinct hasn't been alerted. Narrator (Archival):Note how Albert delicately pats his hair, and adjusts his collar. John O'Brien:And then somebody started a fire, they started with little lighters and matches. They pushed everybody like to the back room and slowly asking for IDs. And a couple of 'em had pulled out their guns. Interviewer (Archival):Are you a homosexual? The police weren't letting us dance. Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:We told this to our men. I mean does anyone know what that is? Narrator (Archival):Sure enough, the following day, when Jimmy finished playing ball, well, the man was there waiting. Danny Garvin:Everybody would just freeze or clam up. Janice Flood And I said to myself, "Oh my God, this will not last.". Narrator (Archival):Richard Enman, president of the Mattachine Society of Florida, whose goal is to legalize homosexuality between consenting adults, was a reluctant participant in tonight's program. And that, that was a very haunting issue for me. The film brings together voices from over 50 years of the LGBTQ rights movement to explore queer activism before, during and after the Stonewall Riots. The homosexual, bitterly aware of his rejection, responds by going underground. And a whole bunch of people who were in the paddy wagon ran out. All kinds of designers, boxers, big museum people. Fifty years ago, a riot broke out at the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York City's Greenwich Village. And then there were all these priests ranting in church about certain places not to go, so you kind of knew where you could go by what you were told not to do. Fred Sargeant:The effect of the Stonewall riot was to change the direction of the gay movement. June 21, 2019 1:29 PM EDT. 1969: The Stonewall Uprising - Library of Congress 'Before Stonewall' Tracks the Pre-Movement Era | International Well, little did he know that what was gonna to happen later on was to make history. They call them hotels, motels, lovers' lanes, drive-in movie theaters, etc. That never happened before. America thought we were these homosexual monsters and we were so innocent, and oddly enough, we were so American. Because he was homosexual. He is not interested in, nor capable of a lasting relationship like that of a heterosexual marriage. Because if they weren't there fast, I was worried that there was something going on that I didn't know about and they weren't gonna come. I was celebrating my birthday at the Stonewall. John van Hoesen Stonewall: A riot that changed millions of lives - BBC News Somehow being gay was the most terrible thing you could possibly be. Martin Boyce:That was our only block. Slate:Boys Beware(1961) Public Service Announcement. Martin Boyce:And I remember moving into the open space and grabbing onto two of my friends and we started singing and doing a kick line. Newly restored for the 50th Anniversary of the Stonewall Riots, Before Stonewall pries open the . Jerry Hoose:The bar itself was a toilet. I went in there and they took bats and just busted that place up. Dick Leitsch:Mattachino in Italy were court jesters; the only people in the whole kingdom who could speak truth to the king because they did it with a smile. There were occasions where you did see people get night-sticked, or disappear into a group of police and, you know, everybody knew that was not going to have a good end. He may appear normal, and it may be too late when you discover he is mentally ill. John O'Brien:I was a poor, young gay person. Stonewall Uprising Program Transcript Slate: In 1969, homosexual acts were illegal in every state except Illinois. Available on Prime Video, Tubi TV, iTunes. But we had to follow up, we couldn't just let that be a blip that disappeared. There was at least one gay bar that was run just as a hustler bar for straight gay married men. Doing things like that. The groundbreaking 1984 film "Before Stonewall" introduced audiences to some of the key players and places that helped spark the Greenwich Village riots. Evan Eames John O'Brien:Our goal was to hurt those police. And so we had to create these spaces, mostly in the trucks. Every arrest and prosecution is a step in the education of the public to the solution of the problem. The history of the Gay and Lesbian community before the Stonewall riots began the major gay rights movement. Greg Shea, Legal And they were gay. Martha Shelley:They wanted to fit into American society the way it was. And then as you turned into the other room with the jukebox, those were the drag queens around the jukebox. And the Stonewall was part of that system. It was right in the center of where we all were. This time they said, "We're not going." They can be anywhere. Sign up for the American Experience newsletter! All of this stuff was just erupting like a -- as far as they were considered, like a gigantic boil on the butt of America. and someone would say, "Well, they're still fighting the police, let's go," and they went in. Raymond Castro:I'd go in there and I would look and I would just cringe because, you know, people would start touching me, and "Hello, what are you doing there if you don't want to be touched?" Raymond Castro:New York City subways, parks, public bathrooms, you name it. Fred Sargeant:The tactical patrol force on the second night came in even larger numbers, and were much more brutal. People talk about being in and out now, there was no out, there was just in. We knew that this was a moment that we didn't want to let slip past, because it was something that we could use to bring more of the groups together. Hunted, hunted, sometimes we were hunted. So gay people were being strangled, shot, thrown in the river, blackmailed, fired from jobs. But I had only stuck my head in once at the Stonewall. Stacker put together a timeline of LGBTQ+ history leading up to Stonewall, beginning with prehistoric events and ending in the late 1960s. It eats you up inside not being comfortable with yourself. A sickness that was not visible like smallpox, but no less dangerous and contagious. And we all relaxed. That this was normal stuff. Before Stonewall (1984) - full transcript New York City's Stonewall Inn is regarded by many as the site of gay and lesbian liberation since it was at this bar that drag queens fought back against police June 27-28, 1969. Leaflets in the 60s were like the internet, today. Before Stonewall. Gay people were not powerful enough politically to prevent the clampdown and so you had a series of escalating skirmishes in 1969. It was as bad as any situation that I had met in during the army, had just as much to worry about. Before Stonewall 1984 Directed by Greta Schiller, Robert Rosenberg Synopsis New York City's Stonewall Inn is regarded by many as the site of gay and lesbian liberation since it was at this bar that drag queens fought back against police June 27-28, 1969. It was tremendous freedom. David Carter All I knew about was that I heard that there were people down in Times Square who were gay and that's where I went to. Original Language: English. And the first gay power demonstration to my knowledge was against my story inThe Village Voiceon Wednesday. Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:Those of us that were the street kids we didn't think much about the past or the future. Eric Marcus, Writer:It was incredibly hot. To commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Stonewall riots in New York City, activists rode their motorcycles during the city's 1989 gay-pride parade.
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